Regulatory bodies oversee the approval and usage of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in radiology to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality. Different countries and regions have distinct regulatory frameworks and certifications or markings to indicate compliance with their standards. Here are some of the approval and regulation bodies along with their respective certifications or markings:
United States
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Approval Marking: No specific marking, but FDA approval/clearance is a recognized standard.
- Note: The FDA assesses medical devices, including AI in radiology, through a premarket approval process or 510(k) clearance.
European Union
European Medicines Agency (EMA)
- CE Marking: A CE mark indicates compliance with the relevant EU regulations, such as the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) or In-Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR), which are often applicable to AI radiology devices.
Canada
Health Canada
- Medical Device License (MDL) or Medical Device Establishment License (MDEL): Devices that conform with Canadian regulations might be issued a license indicating their compliance.
Australia
Australia
- ARTG Entry: Devices, including AI applications, that are listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG) are considered to be compliant with TGA regulations.
United Kingdom
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)
- CE Marking (Currently, as UK Conformity Assessed (UKCA) markings are being phased in): Ensures that the AI radiology products comply with UK and (for a transition period) EU regulations.
India
Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)
- Import License: For imported AI radiology devices.
- Registration Certificate: For locally manufactured or sold devices.
China
National Medical Products Administration (NMPA)
- NMPA Approval: Devices that meet the Chinese regulatory requirements receive approval from the NMPA before they can be marketed.
Brazil
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA)
- ANVISA Registration: AI devices used in radiology should be registered with ANVISA to be used in Brazil.
Japan
Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA)
- PMDA Approval: The PMDA supervises the approval and marketing authorization for medical devices in Japan.
Korea
Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS)
- MFDS Approval: Indicates compliance with South Korean regulations for medical devices.
Singapore
Health Sciences Authority (HSA)
- HSA Approval: Medical devices, including AI applications in radiology, need to be registered and approved by the HSA.
